Researchers at Oxford University found that kissing helps people evaluate potential partners and, once in a relationship, it may be a way to help partners stick around.
"Kissing in human sexual relationships is incredibly prevalent in various forms across just about every society and culture," researcher Rafael Wlodarski of Oxford University said in a news release. "Kissing is seen in our closest primate relatives, chimps and bonobos, but it is much less intense and less commonly used."
Researchers conducted online questionnaires in which over 900 adults answered questions about the importance of kissing in both short-term and long-term relationships.
"There are three main theories about the role that kissing plays in sexual relationships: that it somehow helps assess the genetic quality of potential mates; that it is used to increase arousal (to initiate sex for example); and that it is useful in keeping relationships together. We wanted to see which of these theories held up under closer scrutiny," Wlodarski explained.
The findings revealed that women rated kissing as generally more important in relationships than men. What's more, men and women who rated themselves as being attractive, or who tended to have more casual encounters, also rated kissing as being more important.
Because the survey revealed that men and women who are more attractive, or have more casual sex, also tend to be more selective when initially choosing a partner, researchers say that kissing may be a way for people to assess potential mates. Previous research suggests that kissing may allow people to subconsciously assess a potential partner through taste or smell, evaluating biological cues for compatibility, genetic fitness or general health.
"Mate choice and courtship in humans is complex," Professor Robin Dunbar said in a news release. "It involves a series of periods of assessments where people ask themselves "shall I carry on deeper into this relationship?" Initial attraction may include facial, body and social cues. Then assessments become more and more intimate as we go deeper into the courtship stages, and this is where kissing comes in."
"In choosing partners, we have to deal with the 'Jane Austen problem': How long do you wait for Mr. Darcy to come along when you can't wait forever and there may be lots of you waiting just for him? At what point do you have to compromise for the curate?" he said.
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